Acid Chloride Nomenclature

Let's name some acid chlorides, so guys acid chlorides are not hard to name but it's important to know that the process that you use is going to change a little bit depending on whether you're trying to a common or an IUPAC name, since there's a few rules associated with this I think the best way to learn it is just a drawn example. So, let's go ahead and say that we have a three carbon acid chloride and we're trying to figure out both, the common name and the IUPAC name for it, I'm actually going to move this over. So, I have more room to write, okay. Perfect. So, let's go ahead and start off with the common name, so the rules for the common name are that. Remember, that the common name starts from the carboxylic acid, you're basically in imagining, imagine this is carboxylic acid. Now, how, what would be the prefix that you'd use, what would be the root name, I'm sorry. So, if it's three carbons, we know that would be propionic acid, right? So, let's actually write that down, you're going to need your eraser because we're going to erase it but you can just write it for now, propionic acid. So, why am I writing this? this would be the name of the molecule if it was a carboxylic acid, right? But it's not, it's an acid chloride, so how do we change it? Well, for a common name you replace the -ic ending, ic acid ending with -yl chloride, so that means I would then erase acid and -ic and I would replace it with propionyl chloride, see? So, we're done, all you have to do is you take your common name and just take out the ending and you replace with -yl chloride, you're done. Now, for the IUPAC the process is completely different, because remember that the IUPAC group wouldn't be propionic acid, it would actually just be propane, right? Because it's a three carbon chain 1, 2, 3. So, that means the IUPAC name we're starting from propane. So, you would say, I'm going to start from propane and how am I going to change it? Well, similar to IUPAC rules you take out the e and you add suffix, but the suffix that we're going to add is little different, we're going to actually add an extra o to it. So, instead of being -yl chloride, we're going to end it with -oyl chloride, it actually sounds like motor oil, that's how you pronounce it. So, we would erase the e and we would say propanoyl chloride, and guys this is just a naming convention that's very widely used. So, it's great you should be aware of, alright? Cool. So, in terms of the general names for acid chlorides. Remember, that for common names you're basically using your alkenyl, it's alkenyl chloride and for your IUPAC name it's alkanoyl chloride, alright? Not hard at all just a little bit tricky okay, cool? So, go ahead and move on to the next set of questions and see if you can name and draw the following structures.

Okay guys. So, everything that applies to carboxylic acids still applies to these acid chlorides. So, if you're naming it was common to have to use Greek symbols, you know, something like that, okay? So, let's do the IUPAC first, I know you're thinking, Oh dammit, I forgot that, okay? So, IUPAC. So, two carbons, I actually gave that one to you, man too easy, damn. So, we've got an ethanoyl chloride and this substituent will be a 2-hydroxy, right? So, let's put that all together 2-hydroxy ethanoyl chloride. Now, guys one little minor thing that you might be thinking is, hey Johnny, I remember from Orgo one that we used to always give the alcohol priority but guys those days are over, okay? Carbonyls in general, any carbonyl is always going to get priority over an alcohol, okay? Common name, so the common name is going to be again our acetyl chloride but it's going to be what? it's going to be alpha hydroxy, acetyl chloride, okay? Very good. So, because this is the alpha carbon. So, guys I made that one way too easy. So, let's see how you feel about the next one, go ahead and see if you can draw that molecule, by the way, if you can't recognize that symbol that is not a Y, that is a gamma okay? Okay. So, go for it.

Alright, so I'm going to draw my valeryl chloride, which is going to be a five carbon chain with a Corinne on it, okay? Then I've got gamma ethyl so that means that I'm going to go alpha, beta, gamma and place an ethyl group in that position and that would be the way that you draw that compound, okay? Awesome guys. So, not too bad, let's move on to the next topic