Prokaryotic Flagellar Movement - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems
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Prokaryotic Flagellar Movement
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in this video, we're going to begin our lesson on pro carry, attic flat gellar movement. And so recall from our previous lesson videos that the term motility is referring to the ability of an organism to move on its own. And so the term motility is directly related to movement. Now in this video, we're going to introduce a specific type of motility called swimming motility. And swimming motility is also sometimes referred to as flow gellar motility. And so swimming motility and flow gellar motility are referring to the same thing. And this is referring to the process of cell movement that's powered by rotation of the flow gela. And so in our previous lesson videos, we talked about movement that was powered by pillai. But here we're talking about movement powered by flow gela. And so when the flow gela rotates in a specific direction, it will propel the sell through its environment and allow the cell to move through its environment. However, once the flow gela start to rotate in the opposite direction, then the cell will stop moving and stop swimming as it once was. So let's take a look at our image down below to get a better understanding of this. So here we're showing you how rotational direction of the flagellum is going to control the swimming motility and of a mono trick this cell or a cell that has only one flagellum coming out of one pole of the cell. And so notice that down below, we're showing you a bacterial cell that has one flaw gela and notice that it's rotating in a specific direction. Here, for example, we're saying that it's rotating in a counterclockwise direction just for the sake of this example. And so when the flag yellow rotates in one direction, it will allow for cell movement. And so this will be part of the swimming motility. And so you can see we have a little swimmer here to help remind you that flow gellar movement is powered is uh referred to as swimming motility. And so the cell is going to continue to move until the flow gela starts to rotate in the opposite direction. So notice here were saying a clockwise rotation is going to cause the cell to stop moving as it once was. And so this here is really just the basics of pro carry attic flat gellar movement and will continue to learn more and more about it as we move forward in our course. So I'll see you all in our next video.
2
concept
Runs and Tumbles
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3m
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in this video, we're going to talk about how pro carry attic flat gellar movement occurs in a series of runs and tumbles. And so a swimming cell that is moving. Using swimming motility or flow gellar motility is typically going to move in a pattern of stop and go repeats that scientists call runs and tumbles. And so a run is referring to a smooth swimming movement of the cell as the flu gela rotates in a specific direction, and a tumble is referring to a random, abrupt change in direction as the flow gela are rotating in the opposite direction. And so if we take a look at our image down below, we can get a better understanding of these runs and tumbles. And so notice. Over here, we're showing you the run and tumble method of a swimming motility by a perry trickiest bacterial cell. And so you can see that it has a flow gela extending on uh regions that are all around the cells surface. And so what you can see here is that when all of the flotilla are coordinated and rotating in a counterclockwise direction here, for the sake of this example, CCW is counterclockwise, whereas C. W. Here is the abbreviation for clockwise when the flow gela are all rotating in a counterclockwise movement. This allows for a run and so the run is going to be a smooth swimming movement of the bacterial cell in a specific direction. Now, as soon as the flu gela start to rotate in the opposite direction here, in a clockwise direction, it will result in a tumble and the tumble is not really going to be associated with uh a net movement in any particular direction. Instead, the tumble is just going to cause the cell to rotate and change directions. And so here we're emphasizing that the tumble is going to result in a change of direction, and then after the tumble, once the flow gela start to coordinate and rotate back in a counterclockwise direction, it will result in another run. And so this is really how pro carry attic flat gellar uh movement works in a series of runs, followed by tumbles, followed by runs, followed by tumbles and a repetitive fashion. And so like all other motors that are going to be powering movement, rotation of the flu gela actually does require energy, and this energy that's going to be powering pro carry, attic flat gellar movement is going to come in the form of what's known as a proton motive force or P. M. F. For short. And so we're going to talk more about this proton motive force and how pro carry attic flat color movement is powered as we move forward in our course. But for now this year concludes our brief lesson on runs and tumbles and I'll see you all in our next video
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Problem
Problem
Movement in bacteria
A
Is directly to or away from a stimulus.
B
Relies on the beating of cilia.
C
Is often referred to as run and tumble.
D
May involve pili.
E
Includes many types of movement that utilize pili and flagella.
A bacteria can rotate its flagellum clockwise or counterclockwise. If the bacterial cell wants to stop swimming, which direction will it rotate its flagellum?
A
Clockwise.
B
Counterclockwise.
C
To stop moving the bacterium will not rotate its flagellum at all.