Chemistry: The Science in Context Gilbert • 5th Edition • 978-0393614046

Ch.1 - Particles of Matter: Measurement and the Tools of Science

Classification of Matter Scientific Notation SI Units Metric Prefixes Significant Figures Significant Figures: Precision in Measurements Significant Figures: In Calculations Temperature Physical & Chemical Changes Chemical Properties Physical Properties Intensive vs. Extensive Properties Conversion Factors Dimensional Analysis Density Density of Geometric Objects Density of Non-Geometric Objects

Ch.2 - Atoms, Ions and Molecules: Matter Starts Here

The Atom Subatomic Particles Isotopes Ions Atomic Mass Periodic Table: Classifications Periodic Table: Group Names Periodic Table: Representative Elements & Transition Metals Periodic Table: Element Symbols Periodic Table: Elemental Forms Periodic Table: Phases Periodic Table: Charges Calculating Molar Mass Mole Concept Law of Conservation of Mass Law of Definite Proportions Atomic Theory Law of Multiple Proportions Millikan Oil Drop Experiment Rutherford Gold Foil Experiment Polyatomic Ions Naming Ionic Compounds Writing Ionic Compounds Naming Ionic Hydrates Naming Molecular Compounds Naming Acids

Ch.3 - Stoichiometry: Mass, Formulas and Reactions

Empirical Formula Molecular Formula Combustion Analysis Combustion Apparatus Mass Percent Balancing Chemical Equations Functional Groups in Chemistry Stoichiometry Limiting Reagent Percent Yield

BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures

Laboratory Materials Experimental Error Distillation & Floatation Chromatography Filtration and Evaporation Extraction Test for Ions and Gases

BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions

Multiplication and Division Operations Addition and Subtraction Operations Power and Root Functions Power and Root Functions The Quadratic Formula

Ch.4 - Reactions in Solution: Aqueous Chemistry in Nature

Solutions Molarity Osmolarity Solution Stoichiometry Dilutions Solubility Rules Electrolytes Molecular Equations Gas Evolution Equations Complete Ionic Equations Calculate Oxidation Numbers Redox Reactions Balancing Redox Reactions: Acidic Solutions Balancing Redox Reactions: Basic Solutions Activity Series

Ch.5 - Thermochemistry: Energy Changes in Reactions

Nature of Energy Kinetic & Potential Energy First Law of Thermodynamics Internal Energy Endothermic & Exothermic Reactions Heat Capacity Constant-Pressure Calorimetry Constant-Volume Calorimetry Thermal Equilibrium Hess's Law Formation Equations Enthalpy of Formation

Ch.6 - Properties of Gases: The Air We Breathe

Pressure Units Mole Fraction Partial Pressure The Ideal Gas Law The Ideal Gas Law Derivations The Ideal Gas Law Applications Chemistry Gas Laws Chemistry Gas Laws: Combined Gas Law The Ideal Gas Law: Molar Mass The Ideal Gas Law: Density Standard Temperature and Pressure Gas Stoichiometry Effusion Root Mean Square Speed Kinetic Molecular Theory Van der Waals Equation Kinetic Energy of Gases Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution Velocity Distributions

Ch.7 - A Quantum Model of Atoms: Waves, Particles, and Periodic Properties

Electromagnetic Spectrum Wavelength and Frequency Speed of Light The Energy of Light Photoelectric Effect De Broglie Wavelength Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Bohr Model Emission Spectrum Bohr Equation Introduction to Quantum Mechanics Quantum Numbers: Principal Quantum Number Quantum Numbers: Angular Momentum Quantum Number Quantum Numbers: Magnetic Quantum Number Quantum Numbers: Spin Quantum Number Quantum Numbers: Number of Electrons Quantum Numbers: Nodes The Electron Configuration The Electron Configuration: Condensed The Electron Configurations: Exceptions The Electron Configuration: Ions Paramagnetism and Diamagnetism The Electron Configuration: Quantum Numbers Valence Electrons of Elements Coulomb's Law Periodic Trend: Effective Nuclear Charge Periodic Trend: Atomic Radius Periodic Trend: Ionic Radius Periodic Trend: Ionization Energy Periodic Trend: Successive Ionization Energies Periodic Trend: Electron Affinity Periodic Trend: Electronegativity Periodic Trend: Metallic Character Periodic Trend: Cumulative

Ch.8 - Chemical Bonds: What Makes a Gas a Greenhouse Gas?

Lewis Dot Symbols Chemical Bonds Lattice Energy Born Haber Cycle Dipole Moment Octet Rule Formal Charge Lewis Dot Structures: Neutral Compounds Lewis Dot Structures: Sigma & Pi Bonds Lewis Dot Structures: Ions Lewis Dot Structures: Exceptions Lewis Dot Structures: Acids Resonance Structures Average Bond Order Bond Energy

Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry: Shape Determines Function

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory Equatorial and Axial Positions Electron Geometry Molecular Geometry Bond Angles Hybridization Molecular Orbital Theory MO Theory: Homonuclear Diatomic Molecules MO Theory: Heteronuclear Diatomic Molecules MO Theory: Bond Order

Ch.10 - Intermolecular Forces: The Uniqueness of Water

Molecular Polarity Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties Clausius-Clapeyron Equation Phase Diagrams Heating and Cooling Curves

Ch.11 - Solutions: Properties and Behavior

Solutions: Solubility and Intermolecular Forces Molality Parts per Million (ppm) Mole Fraction Solutions: Mass Percent Types of Aqueous Solutions Intro to Henry's Law Henry's Law Calculations The Colligative Properties Boiling Point Elevation Freezing Point Depression Osmosis Osmotic Pressure Vapor Pressure Lowering (Raoult's Law)

Ch.12 - Solids: Crystals, Alloys, and Polymers

Atomic, Ionic, and Molecular Solids Crystalline Solids Simple Cubic Unit Cell Body Centered Cubic Unit Cell Face Centered Cubic Unit Cell

Ch.13 - Chemical Kinetics: Reactions in the Atmosphere

Intro to Chemical Kinetics Energy Diagrams Catalyst Factors Influencing Rates Average Rate of Reaction Stoichiometric Rate Calculations Instantaneous Rate Collision Theory Arrhenius Equation Rate Law Reaction Mechanism Integrated Rate Law Half-Life

Ch.14 - Chemical Equilibrium: How Much Product Does a Reaction Really Make?

Intro to Chemical Equilibrium Equilibrium Constant (K) Equilibrium Constant Calculations Kp and Kc Using Hess's Law To Determine K Calculating K For Overall Reaction Le Chatelier's Principle ICE Charts Reaction Quotient

Ch.15 - Acid-Base Equilibria: Proton Transfer in Biological Systems

Acids Introduction Bases Introduction Binary Acids Oxyacids Bases Amphoteric Species Arrhenius Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Conjugate Acids and Bases Lewis Acids and Bases The pH Scale Auto-Ionization Ka and Kb pH of Strong Acids and Bases Ionic Salts pH of Weak Acids pH of Weak Bases Diprotic Acids and Bases Diprotic Acids and Bases Calculations Triprotic Acids and Bases Triprotic Acids and Bases Calculations

Ch.16 - Additional Aqueous Equilibria: Chemistry and the Oceans

Intro to Buffers Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation Intro to Acid-Base Titration Curves Strong Titrate-Strong Titrant Curves Weak Titrate-Strong Titrant Curves Acid-Base Indicators Titrations: Weak Acid-Strong Base Titrations: Weak Base-Strong Acid Titrations: Strong Acid-Strong Base Titrations: Diprotic & Polyprotic Buffers Solubility Product Constant: Ksp Ksp: Common Ion Effect Precipitation: Ksp vs Q Selective Precipitation Complex Ions: Formation Constant

Ch.17 - Thermodynamics: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Reactions and Processes

Spontaneous vs Nonspontaneous Reactions Entropy Entropy Calculations Entropy Calculations: Phase Changes Third Law of Thermodynamics Gibbs Free Energy Gibbs Free Energy Calculations Gibbs Free Energy And Equilibrium

Ch.18 - Electrochemistry: The Quest for Clean Energy

Standard Reduction Potentials Intro to Electrochemical Cells Galvanic Cell Cell Potential: Standard Cell Potential: The Nernst Equation Cell Potential and Gibbs Free Energy Cell Potential and Equilibrium Cell Potential: G and K Cell Notation Electroplating

Ch.19 - Nuclear Chemistry: Applications to Energy and Medicine

Radioactive Decay Band of Stability First Order Half Life Magic Numbers

Ch.20 - Organic and Biological Molecules: The Compounds of Life

Introduction to Organic Chemistry Structural Formula Chirality Optical Isomers Hydrocarbon The Alkyl Group Naming Alkanes Naming Alkenes Naming Alkynes Alkane Reactions Alkenes and Alkynes Benzene Reactions Functional Groups Alcohol Reactions Carboxylic Acid Derivative Reactions

Ch.21 - The Main Group Elements: Life and the Periodic Table

Hydrogen Atom Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Reactions Periodic Trends and Diagonal Relationships Boron Family Carbon Family DRAFT Nitrogen Family Oxygen Family Halogens

Ch.22 - Transition Metals: Biological and Medical Applications

Transition Metals Transition Metals Properties Coordination Complexes Naming Coordination Compounds Coordination Isomers