Biology: Life on Earth Audesirk • 12th Edition • 978-0134813448

Ch.1 - An Introduction to Life on Earth

Introduction to Biology Characteristics of Life Life's Organizational Hierarchy Natural Selection and Evolution Introduction to Taxonomy Scientific Method Experimental Design

Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter Isotopes Introduction to Chemical Bonding Covalent Bonds Noncovalent Bonds Ionic Bonding Hydrogen Bonding Introduction to Water Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion Properties of Water- Density Properties of Water- Thermal Properties of Water- The Universal Solvent Acids and Bases pH Scale

Ch.3 - Biological Molecules

Carbon Functional Groups Introduction to Biomolecules Monomers & Polymers Carbohydrates Proteins Nucleic Acids Lipids

Ch.4 - Cell Structure and Function

Microscopes Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion Endomembrane System: Digestive Organelles Mitochondria & Chloroplasts Endosymbiotic Theory Introduction to the Cytoskeleton Cell Junctions

Ch.5 - Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Biological Membranes Types of Membrane Proteins Introduction to Membrane Transport Passive vs. Active Transport Concentration Gradients and Diffusion Osmosis Simple and Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport Endocytosis and Exocytosis

Ch.6 - Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Introduction to Energy Laws of Thermodynamics Chemical Reactions ATP Enzymes Enzyme Activation Energy Enzyme Binding Factors Enzyme Inhibition Introduction to Metabolism Negative & Positive Feedback

Ch.7 - Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Introduction to Photosynthesis Leaf & Chloroplast Anatomy Stages of Photosynthesis Electromagnetic Spectrum Pigments of Photosynthesis Light Reactions of Photosynthesis Calvin Cycle Photorespiration C3, C4 & CAM Plants Review of Photosynthesis

Ch.8 - Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Redox Reactions Introduction to Cellular Respiration Types of Phosphorylation Glycolysis Pyruvate Oxidation Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain Chemiosmosis Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

Ch.9 - Cellular Reproduction

Introduction to Cell Division Organization of DNA in the Cell Introduction to the Cell Cycle Interphase Phases of Mitosis Cytokinesis Cell Cycle Regulation Review of the Cell Cycle Cancer

Ch.10 - Meiosis: The Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Genes & Alleles Homologous Chromosomes Introduction to Meiosis Meiosis I Meiosis II Life Cycle of Sexual Reproducers Genetic Variation During Meiosis Mitosis & Meiosis Review

Ch.11 - Patterns of Inheritance

Introduction to Mendel's Experiments Genotype vs. Phenotype Punnett Squares Mendel's Experiments Mendel's Laws Monohybrid Crosses Test Crosses Dihybrid Crosses Punnett Square Probability Incomplete Dominance vs. Codominance Epistasis Non-Mendelian Genetics Pedigrees Autosomal Inheritance Sex-Linked Inheritance

Ch.12 - DNA: The Molecular of Heredity

The Griffith Experiment The Hershey-Chase Experiment Chargaff's Rules Discovering the Structure of DNA Meselson-Stahl Experiment Introduction to DNA Replication DNA Polymerases Leading & Lagging DNA Strands Steps of DNA Replication DNA Repair Telomeres

Ch.13 - Gene Expression and Regulation

Central Dogma Introduction to Transcription Steps of Transcription Eukaryotic RNA Processing and Splicing Introduction to Types of RNA Genetic Code Introduction to Translation Steps of Translation Post-Translational Modification Review of Transcription vs. Translation Mutations Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons The Lac Operon Glucose's Impact on Lac Operon The Trp Operon Review of the Lac Operon & Trp Operon Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation Eukaryotic Chromatin Modifications Eukaryotic Transcriptional Control X-Inactivation Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation Eukaryotic Post-Translational Regulation

Ch.14 - Biotechnology

Introduction to DNA-Based Technology Introduction to DNA Cloning Steps to DNA Cloning Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction The Steps of PCR Gel Electrophoresis Southern Blotting DNA Fingerprinting Introduction to DNA Sequencing Dideoxy Sequencing Genomes

Ch.15 - Principles of Evolution

Descent with Modification

Ch.16 - How Populations Evolve

Hardy-Weinberg Model Genetic Variation

Ch.17 - The Origin of Species

Species

Ch.18 - The History of Life

History of Life on Earth

Ch.19 - Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

Phylogeny

Ch.20 - The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

Prokaryote Cell Structures Prokaryote Reproduction and Gene Exchange Prokaryote Metabolism and Ecology Prokaryote Lineages Viruses

Ch.21 - The Diversity of Protists

Protist Cells Protist Life Cycles Protist Lineages

Ch.22 - The Diversity of Plants

Land Plants Nonvascular Plants Seedless Vascular Plants Seed Plants

Ch.23 - The Diversity of Fungi

Fungi Fungi Reproduction

Ch.24 - Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Porifera and Cnideria Lophotrochozoans Ecdysozoans Echinoderms

Ch.25 - Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Chordates Aminotes Primates and Homonids

Ch.26 - Animal Behavior

Animal Behavior

Ch.27 - Population Growth and Regulation

Population Ecology

Ch.28 - Community Interactions

Community Interactions Community Structure

Ch.29 - Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Ecosystems

Ch.30 - Earth's Diverse Ecosystems

Biomes

Ch.31 - Conserving Earth's Biodiversity

Conservation Biology

Ch.32 - Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Animal Tissues Metabolism and Homeostasis Blood Sugar Homeostasis Thermoregulation

Ch.33 - Circulation

Circulatory System Heart Physiology

Ch.34 - Respiration

Respiratory System Gas Exchange

Ch.35 - Nutrition and Digestion

Digestion

Ch.36 - The Urinary System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Ch.37 - Defenses Against Disease

Immune System Innate Immunity Adaptive Immunity

Ch.38 - Chemical Control of the Animal Body: The Endocrine System

Endocrine System

Ch.39 - The Nervous System

Neurons and Action Potentials Central and Peripheral Nervous System

Ch.40 - The Senses

Sensory System

Ch.41 - Action and Support: The Muscles and Skeleton

Musculoskeletal System

Ch.42 - Animal Reproduction

Animal Reproduction

Ch.43 - Animal Development

Developmental Biology Animal Development

Ch.44 - Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Roots and Shoots Tissues Growth Water Potential Soil and Nutrients Nitrogen Fixation

Ch.45 - Plant Reproduction and Development

Flowers Seeds Plant Development

Ch.46 - Plant Responses to the Environment

Phototropism Tropisms and Hormones Plant Defenses